Summary
Up to 10% of the Our City, Our Home (OCOH) Fund may be appropriated for shelter and hygiene services, such as temporary shelters, services within shelters, crisis interventions that provide hygiene and support services to households sleeping outdoors, and other related services. During the two-year period of this report, Fiscal Year 2020-2021 (FY20-21) and Fiscal Year 2021-2022 (FY21-22), the City expended $25.8 million and served 1,156 households through OCOH Fund shelter and crisis intervention services. Expenditures supported the addition of 282 temporary shelter units, as well as 119 units of additional capacity in crisis interventions. During the two-year period, the Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing (HSH) delivered the majority of shelter and hygiene services implemented through this service area, though the Mayor’s Office of Housing and Community Development (MOHCD) and the Adult Probation Department (APD) also delivered selected programming.
Spending on Shelter and Hygiene
During FY20-21 and FY21-22, the City budgeted a total of $52.9 million on OCOH Fund shelter and hygiene programming and expended $25.8 million during that timeframe. By the close of FY21-22, the City had encumbered an additional $8.4 million in contracted services carrying forward into the next fiscal year. Encumbered funds are obligated to a specific purpose, such as through a contract or grant, but are not yet disbursed. When combined, the City spent or encumbered 65% of the budgeted funds during the two-year period.
Over the two-year period, the City expended the largest portion of OCOH shelter and hygiene funding on crisis interventions, with $15.8 million in expenditures over FY20-21 and FY21-22. This service area includes Safe Sleep, which was in operation for the majority of both fiscal years, while other shelter programs initiated later in the reporting period. See the next section for more information about when funded capacity was added to the system.
The dashboard below aggregates the two-year budget inclusive of FY20-21 and FY21-22. The cards at the top of the dashboard show the total two-year budget for OCOH Fund shelter and hygiene programs, the total amount expended in these programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, and the amount of funding encumbered as of June 30, 2022. The bar chart in the dashboard below shows the total two-year spending within each category of OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs.
Shelter and Hygiene: Budget, Expenditures, and Encumbrance
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
The two-year budget reflects a cumulative amount budgeted from July 1, 2020 through June 30, 2022, including all budget revisions during the two-year period. The OCOH Fund is a special fund which allows unexpended fund balances to carry forward into the following year automatically. The revised two-year budget includes the FY20-21 carry-forward balances; the revised budget also includes budget reductions made to account for revenue shortfalls during FY21-22.
Two-year expenditures reflect a cumulative amount expended from July 1, 2020 through June 30, 2022. Most OCOH funds were on reserve beginning July 1, 2020, with a portion of budgeted funds released from reserve as of December 16, 2020, and additional funds released from reserve in June 2021. Certain expenditures in FY20-21 occurred after December 16, 2020, though most expenditures occurred after June 2021.
This dashboard does not reflect reclassified General Fund advances of costs budgeted and expended prior to FY20-21. FY20-21 and FY21-22 financial data included in the dashboard was extracted from the City’s financial system after the close of the FY21-22 books and all adjustments related to the year-end close occurred.
Implementation of Services and Capacity Added
During FY20-21 and FY21-22, the OCOH Fund supported several types of shelter and crisis interventions, and permanently added or sustained 401 units of temporary shelter and crisis intervention programs.
The dashboard below shows the total number of units shelter and hygiene capacity added using OCOH Funds during FY20-21 and FY21-22. The card at the top of the dashboard below shows the total amount of shelter and hygiene capacity added using OCOH funds in FY20-21 and FY21-22. The bar chart shows the amount of housing capacity added by program type.
Shelter and Hygiene: Capacity Added
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
Capacity added within the Temporary Shelter category includes new shelter beds, trailers or temporary hotel vouchers added using the OCOH Fund. Capacity added within the Crisis Interventions category includes spaces available as of June 30, 2022 at Safe Sleep and Safe Parking programs. The navigation center for justice involved adults is excluded, as the capacity added was funded through other sources. However, since the OCOH Fund contributes to case management at that facility, households served through case management activities are included in later sections of the report.
Shelter Programs
Temporary shelter programs are temporary, indoor places to sleep for people experiencing homelessness.
In FY20-21, OCOH Funds were appropriated to support COVID-19 response operations for Shelter in Place (SIP) hotels, a congregate shelter, and the Pier 94 Trailer Program. SIP hotels are private tourist hotels leased by the City to allow people experiencing homelessness who have COVID-19 vulnerabilities to safely shelter in place. During FY20-21, the City operated approximately 2,500 SIP hotel rooms, decreasing during the second half of the year as hotels began to demobilize from their temporary use as emergency shelters.
Similarly, the City implemented the Trailer Program in FY19-20 as part of COVID-19 response. The program provides individual trailers with access to amenities and services. The City appropriated funding for this and other COVID-19 response programs in FY20-21, but did not expend this funding due to continued state and federal support. As federal and state COVID-19 emergency funds are exhausted, the City will draw on appropriated OCOH funds to sustain 116 units of capacity at the Trailer Program.
OCOH Funds were used to open 49 beds at a non-congregate shelter for families during FY21-22. Beginning in January 2022, OCOH Funds supported case management services at a 30-bed navigation center for justice-involved adults managed by the Adult Probation Department.
MOHCD initiated a program to provide Transition Aged Youth (TAY) aged 18-24 years with hotel vouchers during FY21-22 and HSH conducted a procurement to deliver vouchers for pregnant people and families and survivors of domestic violence.
Across these interventions OCOH funding expanded the number of units in the emergency shelter inventory by 16%.
Crisis Interventions
Crisis interventions are temporary outdoor safe places to sleep for people experiencing homelessness. These are not indoor programs, and not permanent shelter sites.
Safe Sleep is a program that allows people experiencing unsheltered homelessness to sleep safely outdoors in tents, with access to services and sanitation. The City implemented Safe Sleep in FY19-20 as a part of the COVID-19 response, and OCOH Funds sustained the program beginning December 2020. At its peak, Safe Sleep locations offered approximately 200 spots. Several locations demobilized during FY21-22, leaving two in operation by year-end. As of June 30, 2022, the OCOH Fund maintains two Safe Sleep sites with capacity for 62 spots.
Safe Parking is a program where people living in their vehicles can safely park overnight, with access to amenities and connections to services. A single Safe Parking program location launched at partial capacity in January 2022, with plans to expand the capacity at that site in the coming fiscal year. As of June 30, 2022, OCOH funding maintains 57 safe parking spots.
In total, OCOH Funds sustain 60% of the crisis intervention capacity that was introduced during the pandemic.
As part of the COVID response in FY20-21, OCOH funds contributed to bonus pay for front-line workers in City-funded shelter programs.
Households Served
During FY20-21 and FY21-22, 1,156 households were served in OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs. HSH data shows that 525 households were served in crisis intervention programs and 380 households were served in temporary shelter. Adult Probation provided 251 households with case management services for justice involved adults.
The dashboard below shows the total number of households served through OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data is available. The bar chart shows the number of households served through each category of OCOH-funded programs.
Shelter and Hygiene: Households Served
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
Households that received services in more than one shelter and hygiene program type are duplicated in total households served.
Household Outcomes
As of June 30, 2022, about half of households served in OCOH-funded Shelter and Hygiene programs during the reporting period had a positive outcome.
Positive outcomes for temporary shelter programs include exiting shelter to permanent housing or staying in shelter. Among programs where data is available, 57% of households served in emergency shelter had a positive outcome. This rate is driven by households staying in shelter. About 85% of household with a positive outcome in emergency shelter were still in a shelter program at the end of the reporting period. City policy does not limit the amount of time clients can stay in shelter, which helps explain this high retention rate. The City did not collect data on outcomes for households who received TAY hotel vouchers, an emergency shelter program.
Positive outcomes for crisis interventions include exiting to a temporary or permanent indoor location, or retention in a crisis intervention program. During the reporting period, 28% of households served in a crisis intervention program had a positive outcome.
The cards at the top of the dashboard below reflect data from FY20-21 and FY21-22 and show the number of households served, the number of households served with a positive outcome, and the percent of households served with a positive outcome where this data is tracked. Programs where outcome data is not tracked are excluded from the percentage of households with a positive outcome.
The bar chart shows the percent of households served through OCOH-funded Shelter and Hygiene programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22 by type of shelter and hygiene program, where data is available. Programs where outcome data is not tracked are excluded from the percentage of households with a positive outcome.
Shelter and Hygiene: Household Outcomes
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
These data reflect point-in-time household outcomes. For households that were participating in a shelter and hygiene program as of June 30, 2022, these data reflect their outcome as of that date. For households that exited a shelter and hygiene program prior to June 30, 2022, these data reflect their housing outcome at the time they exited the program.
Positive outcomes for emergency shelter programs include exiting shelter to permanent housing or staying in shelter. Positive outcomes for crisis interventions include exiting to a temporary or permanent indoor location, or retention in a crisis intervention program. The percent of households with a positive outcome is calculated by dividing the number of households retained in a program or with a positive exit destination by the total number of households served. Consistent with HUD’s System Performance Measures Programming Specifications, clients that are deceased or exit to certain living situations like hospitals or long-term care facilities are excluded from the measure.
Household Demographics
The City collects demographic data about the head of household for households served in OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs. Demographic categories include race, ethnicity, age, gender identity, and sexual orientation.
The most common racial identities among households served in OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene services are White (346 heads of household) and Black, African American, or African (341 heads of household). Over 200 heads of households identified their ethnicity as Hispanic or Latin(o)(a)(x).
Over half of the heads of households served were between 25 and 44 years old. Few heads of household over 65 or under 25 participated in the shelter and hygiene services funded by OCOH.
About 60% of heads of households served in OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs identified as male.
Most heads of households served in OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs identified as straight or heterosexual.
Demographic data for households served by case management services for justice involved adults are not available for this report.
Household Demographic: Race and Ethnicity
The following dashboard shows the race and ethnicity of the head of household for all households served through OCOH Fund shelter and hygiene programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Race and ethnicity are often collected separately, though practices vary across departments. The dashboard below provides ethnicity of heads of households within the cards at the top of the dashboard. The cards show the number of heads of households who identify as Hispanic/Latin(o)(a)(x), those who identify as non-Hispanic/Latin(o)(a)(x) and those whose ethnicity was unknown. The bar chart in the dashboard shows the number of households by the race of the head of household.
Shelter and Hygiene: Head of Household Race and Ethnicity
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
Following Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD) standards, HSH collects data on household race and ethnicity in two separate questions. MOHCD collects race and ethnicity together in one question. MOHCD race and ethnicity data was recoded to match the HUD reporting categories following the department’s standards for HUD reporting.
Heads of household who identified as “Latino” in MOHCD programs were recoded to the “Multi-Racial” race category. Heads of household who identified as “Middle Eastern, West African or North African” in MOHCD programs were recoded to the “White” race category.
Heads of household who identified as “Latino” in MOHCD programs were recoded to the “Hispanic / Latin(a)(o)(x)” ethnicity category. Heads of household who identified as any race or ethnicity besides “Latino” were recoded to the “Non-Hispanic / Non-Latin(a)(o)(x)” ethnicity category. Households with missing data were coded in the “Unknown” ethnicity category.
The following race categories are combined in “Unknown”: “Data not collected,” “Missing Data,” and “Doesn’t Know / Refused.”
Demographic data for households served by case management services for justice involved adults are not available for this report. The 251 households served in this program are excluded from the dashboard above.
Households that received services in more than one shelter and hygiene program type are duplicated.
Household Demographics: Age
The following dashboard shows the age range of the head of household for all households served through OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Shelter and Hygiene: Head of Household Age
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
Demographic groups with fewer than ten households are reported as “<10” in the table and with a grey bar in the graph reflecting the number 10. Fewer than 10 households served in shelter and hygiene programs had a head of household under 18.
Demographic data for households served by case management services for justice involved adults are not available for this report. The 251 households served in this program are excluded from the dashboard above.
Households that received services in more than one shelter and hygiene program type are duplicated.
Household Demographics: Gender Identity
The following dashboard shows the gender identity of the head of household for all households served through OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Shelter and Hygiene: Head of Household Gender Identity
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
HSH and MOHCD used slightly different gender categories in their reporting. Some gender categories were recoded so that data from both departments could be reported together. Heads of household who identified as “Trans Female” or “Trans Male” for an MOHCD program are coded in the “Transgender” gender category. Heads of household who identified as “Questioning,” “A Gender Other than Singularly ‘Female’ or ‘Male’,” or “No Single Gender” for an HSH program are coded in the “Genderqueer or Gender Non-Binary” gender category. The following gender categories are combined in “Unknown”: “Data not collected,” “Decline to answer,” “Other,” “Unknown,” “Not Listed,” and “Client Doesn’t Know / Refused.”
Demographic groups with fewer than ten households are reported as “<10” in the table and with a grey bar in the graph reflecting the number 10. Fewer than 10 households served in shelter and hygiene programs identified as transgender or genderqueer or gender non-binary.
Demographic data for households served by case management services for justice involved adults are not available for this report. The 251 households served in this program are excluded from the dashboard above.
Household Demographics: Sexual Orientation
The following dashboard shows the sexual orientation of the head of household for all households served through OCOH-funded shelter and hygiene programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Shelter and Hygiene: Head of Household Sexual Orientation
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
Demographic groups with fewer than ten households are reported as “<10” in the table and with a grey bar in the graph reflecting the number 10. Fewer than 10 households served in shelter and hygiene programs had a head of household who identified as with another gender, or a gender not listed, or were questioning or unsure.
The following sexual orientation categories are combined in “Unknown”: “Client Refused,” “Data Not Collected,” “Unknown,” “Missing Data,” “Decline to Answer.”
Demographic data for households served by case management services for justice involved adults are not available for this report. The 251 households served in this program are excluded from the dashboard above.
Households that received services in more than one shelter and hygiene program type are duplicated.
Glossary
The glossary provides definitions for certain terms and program names used on this page.
Encumbrance
Funds obligated to a specific purpose (e.g., under contract or grant), but not yet disbursed.
Shelter
Temporary, indoor safe places to sleep for people experiencing literal homelessness or fleeing domestic violence. Shelter programs provide four walls and a roof, access to plumbing, appropriate ventilation, adequate heating/cooling, electricity, and prepared food and/or cooking elements.
Crisis Intervention
Temporary outdoor safe places to sleep for people experiencing literal homelessness or fleeing domestic violence. These places do not meet the requirements of shelter according to HUD or City of San Francisco building standards.
Safe Sleep
A crisis intervention program that allows people experiencing unsheltered homelessness to sleep safely outdoors, often in tents the participants provide themselves. Safe sleep sites are off sidewalks, with access to services and sanitation.
Safe Parking
Also called Vehicle Triage Center, a crisis intervention program that allows people living in their vehicles to park overnight, with security and some amenities, and connections to services.
Case Management Services for Justice-Involved Adults
Support services and case management at a navigation center for adults who have interacted with the criminal justice system as defendants.
Return to the OCOH Fund Annual Report Table of Contents to view other sections of the report.