Summary
Permanent Housing is a central component of the Our City, Our Home (OCOH) Fund, with at least 50% of the Fund allocated for this service area. The Permanent Housing service area includes three sub-categories: at least 25% of the Permanent Housing funding must be appropriated for families, 20% for youth, and the remaining 55% for a general population (designated here as “adult”).
The OCOH Fund can be used for acquiring, constructing, rehabilitating or leasing buildings or units for the purpose of providing permanent housing for people experiencing homelessness. During Fiscal Year 2020-2021 (FY20-21) and Fiscal Year 2021-2022 (FY21-22), the City expended $93.8 million on acquisition of new buildings for use as permanent supportive housing. The fund can also be used for ongoing operations of housing, permanent housing subsidies, and limited short-term housing subsidies of less than five years. During the two-year period of FY20-21 and FY21-22, the City expended $29.0 million in housing operations. Overall, the City added 2,172 units of new housing capacity across several types of housing and served 1,174 households.
During the two-year period, the Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing (HSH), the Mayor’s Office of Housing and Community Development (MOHCD), and the Office of Economic and Workforce Development (OEWD) delivered OCOH-funded permanent housing services.
Spending on Housing Programs
During FY20-21 and FY21-22, the City budgeted a total of $389.9 million on permanent housing programming, and expended $122.8 million during that timeframe. By the close of FY21-22, the City had encumbered an additional $22.9 million in contracted services carrying forward into the coming fiscal year. Encumbered funds are obligated to a specific purpose, such as through a contract or grant, but have not yet been disbursed. When combined, the City spent or encumbered 37% of the budgeted funds during the two-year period.
There are two types of costs within the Permanent Housing service area: acquisition and operating costs. Acquisition funding is used to purchase, rehabilitate or construct buildings. Over the two-year period, the City expended the largest portion of OCOH Permanent Housing funding in acquisitions, with $93.8 million in expenditures over FY20-21 and FY21-22. The City purchased and began operating four buildings during the two-year period, adding 348 new units (see the Executive Summary for a spotlight on acquisition).
Though the $93.8 million in acquisition expenditures represents 32% of the acquisition budget, all but $60.2 million of the remaining balance has been obligated for the purchase and financing of additional site acquisition to be processed in the coming fiscal year. By the end of FY21-22, the City had obligated $143.2 million (70.4 %) of the remaining $203.4 million housing acquisition budget for an anticipated 613 additional units of housing capacity for adults and families.
The dashboard below aggregates the two-year budget for the Permanent Housing service area inclusive of FY20-21 and FY21-22. Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth). The cards at the top of the dashboard show the two-year budget for OCOH-funded Permanent Housing programs, the total amount expended in these programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, and the amount of funding encumbered as of June 30, 2022. The bar chart in the dashboard below shows the total two-year spending for permanent housing acquisition and operations.
Permanent Housing: Budget, Expenditures, and Encumbrance
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
The two-year budget reflects a cumulative amount budgeted from July 1, 2020 through June 30, 2022, including all budget revisions during the two-year period. The OCOH Fund is a special fund which allows unexpended fund balances to carry forward into the following year automatically. The revised two-year budget includes the FY20-21 carry-forward balances; the revised budget also includes budget reductions made to account for revenue shortfalls during FY21-22.
Two-year expenditures reflect a cumulative amount expended from July 1, 2020 through June 30, 2022. Most OCOH funds were on reserve beginning July 1, 2020, with a portion of budgeted funds released from reserve as of December 16, 2020, and additional funds released from reserve in June 2021. Certain expenditures in FY20-21 occurred after December 16, 2020, though most expenditures occurred after June 2021.
This dashboard does not reflect reclassified General Fund advances of costs budgeted and expended prior to FY20-21. FY20-21 and FY21-22 financial data included in the dashboard was extracted from the City’s financial system after the close of the FY21-22 books and all adjustments related to the year-end close occurred.
The City expended $29.0 million in permanent housing operations over the two-year period. Among these operating costs, the City expended the largest portion of OCOH Permanent Housing funding in Scattered Site Permanent Housing with $10.0 million in expenditures over FY20-21 and FY21-22. See the next section for more information about when OCOH-funded capacity was added to the system.
The dashboard below aggregates the two-year budget inclusive of FY20-21 and FY21-22 for operating costs within the Permanent Housing service area (budget and expenditures for acquisitions are excluded from the dashboard below). Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth). The cards at the top of the dashboard show the two-year operating budget for OCOH-funded Permanent Housing programs, the total amount expended in these programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, and the amount of funding encumbered as of June 30, 2022. The bar chart in the dashboard below shows the total two-year spending within each OCOH-funded Permanent Housing program.
Permanent Housing: Operations Budget, Expenditures, and Encumbrance
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
The two-year budget reflects a cumulative amount budgeted from July 1, 2020 through June 30, 2022, including all budget revisions during the two-year period. The OCOH Fund is a special fund which allows unexpended fund balances to carry forward into the following year automatically. The revised two-year budget includes the FY20-21 carry-forward balances; the revised budget also includes budget reductions made to account for revenue shortfalls during FY21-22.
Two-year expenditures reflect a cumulative amount expended from July 1, 2020 through June 30, 2022. Most OCOH funds were on reserve beginning July 1, 2020, with a portion of budgeted funds released from reserve as of December 16, 2020, and additional funds released from reserve in June 2021. Certain expenditures in FY20-21 occurred after December 16, 2020, though most expenditures occurred after June 2021.
This dashboard does not reflect reclassified General Fund advances of costs budgeted and expended prior to FY20-21. FY20-21 and FY21-22 financial data included in the dashboard was extracted from the City’s financial system after the close of the FY21-22 books and all adjustments related to the year-end close occurred.
Implementation of Services and Capacity Added
In FY20-21 and FY21-22, the City used OCOH Funds to add 2,172 new units and subsidies to San Francisco’s permanent housing capacity. This included 702 new site-based permanent supportive housing units, 888 scattered site permanent supportive housing subsidies, 510 time-limited rapid rehousing subsidies, and 72 family rental subsidies for family households in single-room occupancy (SRO) hotels. These investments increased the permanent supportive housing inventory by 15%, extended rapid rehousing subsidies to 24% more households, and added nearly three times the number of SRO family rental subsidies.
The dashboard below shows the total number of units or subsidies of permanent housing added using OCOH Funds during FY20-21 and FY21-22. Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth). The card at the top of the dashboard below shows the total amount of permanent housing capacity added using OCOH funds in FY20-21 and FY21-22. The bar chart shows the amount of housing capacity added by program type.
Permanent Housing: Capacity Added
Site-based permanent supportive housing is deeply subsidized rental housing with intensive support services that is located in a building owned or leased by the City or a nonprofit partner. Support services are provided on site. Some buildings include additional services like nursing, education and job training, youth and child programming, and food security support. Over the two-year period, the City added 348 units of site-based permanent supportive housing and, for buildings that opened to clients during the reporting period, also used OCOH funding to operate the housing and support services at those sites. The City also used OCOH funding to provide operating support and funding for services at two new housing sites that were purchased using other funding sources.
Scattered site permanent supportive housing is deeply subsidized rental housing with intensive support services that is located in private market apartments. The City used the OCOH Fund to contract for 500 new scattered site permanent supportive housing subsidies in FY20-21 and FY21-22. The City also used the OCOH Fund to add supportive service capacity to 388 new, federally-funded Emergency Housing Vouchers (EHV). These federal vouchers do not include support services to help with housing search, move in costs or ongoing case management. Pairing the vouchers with OCOH-funded housing location assistance and support services makes it easier for people experiencing homelessness to utilize the vouchers.
Family rental subsidies support families with minor children who are living in overcrowded conditions, such as single-room occupancy hotels, to move into a larger, private market apartment. During FY21-22, the City administered a procurement for this service, and added 72 vouchers to the program and will initiate services for new households in the coming fiscal year.
Rapid rehousing is a housing intervention that provides a time-limited rental subsidy (often two years), support with housing search, and case management services. During the two-year period, the City contracted with nonprofit providers to administer 350 vouchers for adult households and 160 vouchers for youth households. The City also paired the rapid rehousing subsidy with workforce development programming administered through the Office of Economic and Workforce Development.
During the two-year period, the City also used OCOH Permanent Housing funds to provide COVID-19 response bonus pay for front-line workers at City-funded housing programs that served people exiting homelessness.
Households Served
During FY20-21 and FY21-22, the City served 1,174 households in OCOH-funded permanent housing programs, including 671 households in scattered site permanent supportive housing programs, 332 households in rapid rehousing, 171 households in site-based permanent supportive housing.
The dashboard below shows the total number of households served through OCOH permanent housing programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22. The bar chart shows the number of households served through each category of OCOH-funded programs.
Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth).
Permanent Housing: Households Served
Household Outcomes
As of June 30, 2022, 92% of households served in OCOH Fund Permanent Housing programs during the reporting period had a positive outcome. A positive outcome includes retention in a permanent housing program or exiting a program to other permanent housing, such as renting a new unit or living with friends or family.
The cards at the top of the dashboard reflect data from FY20-21 and FY21-22 and show the number of households served, the number of households served with a positive outcome, and the percent of households served with a positive outcome.
The bar chart shows the percent of households served through funded permanent housing programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22 by type of permanent housing program.
Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth).
Permanent Housing: Household Outcomes
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
These data reflect point-in-time household outcomes. For households that were participating in a permanent housing program as of June 30, 2022, these data reflect their outcome as of that date. For households that exited a permanent housing program prior to June 30, 2022, these data reflect their housing outcome at the time they exited the program.
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) defines which outcomes from permanent housing programs are considered positive, or “successful.” Positive outcomes include staying in permanent supportive housing or leaving the housing program and going to another permanent housing situation. Other outcomes include leaving the program and going into a skilled nursing facility or substance use treatment program, moving in with family or friends on a temporary basis, going to jail or prison, or returning to homelessness. A full list of exit destinations are included on pages 34 and 35 of HUD’s System Performance Measures Programming Specifications.
The percent of households with a positive outcome is calculated by dividing the number of households retained in a program or with a positive exit destination by the total number of households served. Per HUD, clients that are deceased or exit to certain living situations like hospitals or long-term care facilities are excluded from the measure.
Household Demographics
The City collects demographic data about the head of household for households served in OCOH Fund permanent housing programs. Demographic categories include race, ethnicity, age, gender identity, and sexual orientation.
Nearly half of households served in permanent housing programs had a head of household who identified as Black, African American, or African (580 heads of household). About 250 heads of households identified their ethnicity as Hispanic / Latin(a)(o)(x).
The age distribution of heads of households among households served in OCOH Fund permanent housing programs is somewhat even across age groups. Heads of household ages 18-24 have the highest number of households served (290 heads of household).
Among household served in permanent housing programs, almost an even number identified the head of household as male and female. Very few households identified the head of household as transgender or genderqueer or gender non-binary.
Most heads of household identified as straight or heterosexual.
Household Demographics: Race and Ethnicity
The following dashboard shows the race and ethnicity of the head of household for all households served through OCOH Fund permanent housing programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Race and ethnicity are often collected separately, though practices vary across departments. The dashboard below provides ethnicity of heads of households within the cards at the top of the dashboard. The cards show the number of heads of households who identify as Hispanic/Latin(o)(a)(x), those who identify as non-Hispanic/Latin(o)(a)(x) and those whose ethnicity was unknown. The bar chart in the dashboard shows the number of households by the race of the head of household.
Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth).
Permanent Housing: Head of Household Race and Ethnicity
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
The following race categories are combined in “Unknown”: “Data not collected,” “Missing Data,” and “Doesn’t Know / Refused.”
Household Demographics: Age
The following dashboard shows the age range of the head of household for all households served through OCOH Fund permanent housing programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth).
Permanent Housing: Head of Household Age
Household Demographics: Gender Identity
The following dashboard shows the gender identity of the head of household for all households served through OCOH Fund permanent housing programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth).
Permanent Housing: Head of Household Gender Identity
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
Heads of household who identified as “Questioning,” “A Gender Other than Singularly “Female” or “Male,” or “No Single Gender” are coded in the “Genderqueer or Gender Non-Binary" category.
The following gender categories are combined in “Unknown”: “Data not collected,” “Decline to answer,” “Other,” “Unknown,” “Not Listed,” and “Client Doesn’t Know / Refused.”
Demographic groups with fewer than ten households are reported as “<10” in the table and with a grey bar in the graph reflecting the number 10. Fewer than 10 households served in OCOH-funded permanent housing programs had a head of household who identified as transgender, genderqueer or gender non-binary, or had an unknown gender identity.
Household Demographics: Sexual Orientation
The following dashboard shows the sexual orientation of the head of household for all households served through OCOH Fund permanent housing programs during FY20-21 and FY21-22, where data was available.
Use the filters at the top of the dashboard to view the complete Permanent Housing service area (“All Households”) or to view the sub-categories by population designated through the Fund (Adults, Families, Youth).
Permanent Housing: Head of Household Sexual Orientation
Data notes and sources
Data notes and sources
Demographic groups with fewer than ten households are reported as “<10” in the table and with a grey bar in the graph reflecting the number 10. Fewer than 10 households served in shelter and hygiene programs had a head of household who identified as with another gender, or a gender not listed, or were questioning or unsure.
The following sexual orientation categories are combined in “Unknown”: “Client Refused,” “Data Not Collected,” “Unknown,” “Missing Data,” “Decline to Answer.”
Glossary
The glossary provides definitions for certain terms and program names used on this page.
Acquisition
Funds set aside for a capital purchase, e.g., buying a building to serve as housing or treatment.
Encumbrance
Funds obligated to a specific purpose (e.g., under contract or grant), but not yet disbursed.
Rapid Rehousing
A permanent housing intervention that provides a limited term rental subsidy, support with housing search, move in costs, and case management services. RRH aims to help a household stabilize and become self-sufficient in housing. Rapid rehousing frequently targets households that are likely to increase their income, including people who are younger and healthier.
Scattered Site Permanent Supportive Housing
Deeply subsidized rental housing in private market apartments targeted to households experiencing homelessness. Housing is paired with intensive support services delivered off-site or through home visits, but not located at each building.
Family Rental Subsidy
Also called “SRO Family Subsidies,” this program provides a rental subsidy to families with minor children who are living in single-room occupancy (SRO) hotels. The subsidy supports the family in finding more appropriate housing in the private market. Families with minor children living in SROs are considered homeless under certain local and federal statutes, including the OCOH Fund.
Site-Based Permanent Supportive Housing
Deeply subsidized rental housing with intensive support services for households experiencing homelessness. Tenants in site-based permanent supportive housing live in a building that is owned or leased by the City or a nonprofit partner. Housing is paired with intensive support services located on site. Some buildings include additional services like nursing, education and job training, youth and child programming, and food security support.
Return to the OCOH Fund Annual Report Table of Contents to view other sections of the report.